Comments:For some speakers the word is restricted to the meaning 'calf'. In SAL and LAB-Ainhoa the word applies also to male dogs (per Azkue). Trombetti compared Bsq orots, orotx with Agul urč 'calf' < PNC *wHilćV.
Comments:Derivation from *hoin 'foot' is quite unlikely. Cf. PEC *šwŏq̣̇HwV ~ *q̇HwŏšwV ‘heel, ankle’, with the usual syncope in Bsq: *š(w)ŏq̣̇H(w)i > *ośki.
Meaning:1 forge, foundry 2 country house, cabin, cottage 3 shepherd's hut 4 tent
Bizkaian:ola 1
Gipuzkoan:ola 1
High Navarrese:ola 1
Low Navarrese:olha 1
Lapurdian:olha 2, 4
Zuberoan:ólha 1, 2, 3
Roncalese:(Vidángoz) õla 2
Comments:Ol(h)a is an element in numerous place names. Semantic development seems to have been ‘hearth, forge’ > ‘heated room’ > ‘cabin’, etc. (For typology cf. Eng. stove ~ Norw. stova (stue) ‘cottage, hut; (living-) room’, Swed. stuga ‘cottage, cabin’, Ger. Stube ‘room’ (orig. ‘heated room’), etc.) The meaning ‘forge’ has been extended to ‘factory’ in modern Bsq.
High Navarrese:pats 2, (Lezaka, Oyarzun) pats 1, 2
Lapurdian:phats 2, (coast) fats 1, 2
Comments:Pomace is the residue of pressed pulp, skins and pips of apples, grapes or any fruit after pressing (= Sp. orujo, Fr. marc). The BZK form batz is the result of Bizkaian merger of *c and *ć in /c/ = tz (Moutard 1976: 31), and voicing dissimilation (p > b).
Comments:Could be a wanderwort (Arabic baṭṭ, etc.), but the Bsq phonetic form is peculiar and may be ancient. Cf. Span. and Port. pato, probably of Moorish (Arabic) origin.
Meaning:1 membrane (covering egg, nut), dermis (inner skin) 2 ampulla (sac) in skin 3 egg (laid without shell) 4 husk
Bizkaian:mintz 1
Gipuzkoan:mintz 1
High Navarrese:mintz 1 4
Low Navarrese:p(h)intz(a) 2 3
Salazarese:mintz 1
Lapurdian:phintz 2
Zuberoan:phintz 2
Roncalese:mintz, mintzi 1
Comments:Of Latin origin, according to Trask (1995). Aragonese Spanish has binza 'membrane covering onion or egg'. Jacobsen (1995) criticizes the supposed derivation from Lat. *vinctiare 'to tie' as "too speculative to be convincing."
Comments:A worldwide reduplicated word for 'butterfly', but that does not exclude the Basque-NCaucasian cognacy. The second element -poxa, -pauxa resembles -posa in Spanish mariposa, thought by some to come from a nursery rhyme "Maria, posa ..." ('Mary, perch ...').
Comments:In compounds with *ɦors- ‘sky’ (q.v.). Traditionally the second element is *minhi ‘tongue’ (Michelena 1961: 276), but here *-pirin is regarded as original (Haraneder wrote ozpirin in the 18th c.) and variants with -pin ~ -min are secondary.
Comments:Cf. PNC *pĭnc̣wĂ ‘resin, juice’ (Lak pic̣ 'sweat, dew', etc.). This is one of the rare Bsq *-st- correspondences to PNC tense *c̣. The original PSC sense was evidently ‘secretion’, whether of human body (‘rheum’ [Bsq], ‘sweat’ [Lak]), trees (‘resin, gum, pitch’ > ‘glue’ [PY]), or nature (‘dew’ [Lak, Burushaski] > ‘water’ [WC]), etc.
Comments:Many etymologists attribute these words to Romance origin, but extremely ancient and native words of this general form are found on every continent, and there is no reason to think Bsq had to acquire them from outside.
Comments:Forms without initial p- influenced by *u=ski 'rear end, anus', or a blend? This is a widespread expressive root, with parallels in IE *pezd-, and other language families.
Comments:This prolific kinship morpheme seems to be related to PNC *=ɨ̆šwĔ 'son / daughter' (originally with changing class prefixes, as still in some EC langs.). It is probably present also in Bsq *śeme 'son', possibly a compound of *śe- + *hume 'child, baby'; and BZK sein 'child'.
